Sickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Anemia

De Transcription | Bibliothèque patrimoniale numérique Mines ParisTech
Révision datée du 10 septembre 2025 à 09:17 par ChristoperEspie (discussion | contributions) (Page créée avec « <br>Introduction What's sickle cell disease (SCD)? What causes sickle cell anemia? What are the signs of sickle cell anemia? What are the therapies for [https://wikigrann... »)
(diff) ← Version précédente | Voir la version actuelle (diff) | Version suivante → (diff)
Aller à : navigation, rechercher


Introduction What's sickle cell disease (SCD)? What causes sickle cell anemia? What are the signs of sickle cell anemia? What are the therapies for BloodVitals test sickle cell anemia? What's the prognosis for sickle cell anemia? What is sickle cell illness (SCD)? Sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease) is a disorder of the blood attributable to inherited abnormal hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein within the pink blood cells). The abnormal hemoglobin causes distorted (sickled appearing beneath a microscope) pink blood cells. The sickled pink blood cells are fragile and prone to rupture. When the number of pink blood cells decreases from rupture (hemolysis), BloodVitals test anemia is the consequence. This situation is referred to as sickle cell anemia. The irregular sickled cells may block blood vessels inflicting tissue and organ harm and ache. Sickle cell anemia is certainly one of the most common inherited blood anemias. The disease primarily impacts Africans and African Americans. It is estimated that within the United States, some 90,000 to 100,000 Americans are stricken with sickle cell anemia.



Overall, present estimates are that one in 500 U.S. African American births is affected by sickle cell anemia. What causes sickle cell anemia? Sickling of the pink blood cells in patients with sickle cell anemia ends in cells of abnormal shape and diminished flexibility. The sickling is promoted by circumstances associated with low oxygen ranges, increased acidity, or BloodVitals test low quantity (dehydration) of the blood. These situations can happen due to damage to the physique's tissues, BloodVitals test dehydration, or anesthesia. Certain organs are predisposed to lower oxygen levels or BloodVitals test acidities, BloodVitals SPO2 reminiscent of when blood strikes slowly by means of the spleen, liver, or kidney. In addition, organs with significantly excessive metabolism charges (such as the brain, muscles, and the placenta in a pregnant girl with sickle cell anemia) promote sickling by extracting more oxygen from the blood. These situations make these organs susceptible to damage from sickle cell anemia. What are the signs of sickle cell anemia? Virtually all of the main symptoms of sickle cell anemia are the direct result of the abnormally shaped, sickled purple blood cells blocking the flow of blood that circulates by way of the tissues of the body.



The tissues with impaired circulation suffer injury from an absence of oxygen. Damage to tissues and organs of the physique can cause severe incapacity in patients with sickle cell anemia. The patients endure episodes of intermittent "crises" of variable frequency and severity, relying on the degree of organ involvement. Many features typically happen in sure age teams. Infants with sickle cell anemia do not develop signs in the first few months of life as a result of the hemoglobin produced by the creating fetus (fetal hemoglobin) protects the red blood cells from sickling. This fetal hemoglobin is absent in the red blood cells that are produced after birth so that by 5 months of age, the sickling of the crimson blood cells is distinguished and signs start. Symptoms in adults typically are intermittent pain episodes because of harm of bone, muscle, BloodVitals SPO2 or inner organs. Sickle cell anemia is prompt when the abnormal sickle-formed cells in the blood are recognized beneath a microscope.



Testing is usually performed on a smear of blood using a particular low-oxygen preparation. That is referred to as sickle prep. Other prep tests can be used to detect abnormal hemoglobin S, including solubility tests carried out on tubes of blood options. The disease could be confirmed by specifically quantifying the varieties of hemoglobin current utilizing hemoglobin electrophoresis. Prenatal prognosis (earlier than birth) of sickle cell anemia is feasible utilizing amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. The pattern obtained is then tested for DNA analysis of the fetal cells. The hemoglobin electrophoresis check exactly identifies the hemoglobin within the blood by separating them. The separation of the completely different hemoglobin is feasible due to the distinctive electrical fees they every have on their protein surfaces, causing them each to maneuver characteristically in an electrical area as tested within the laboratory. What are the treatments for sickle cell anemia? Fatigue is a common symptom in persons with sickle cell anemia.



Sickle cell anemia causes a chronic type of anemia, which can result in fatigue. The sickled pink blood cells are vulnerable to breakage (hemolysis) which causes diminished purple blood cell life span (the traditional life span of a pink blood cell is a hundred and BloodVitals experience twenty days). These sickled pink blood cells are simply detected with a microscope examination of a smear of blood on a glass slide. Typically, the site of red blood cell production (bone marrow) works overtime to produce these cells quickly, BloodVitals SPO2 making an attempt to compensate for his or BloodVitals test her destruction within the circulation. Occasionally, the bone marrow suddenly stops producing pink blood cells, which causes a very extreme type of anemia (aplastic crises). Aplastic crises may be promoted by infections that in any other case would appear less vital, including viruses of the stomach and bowels and BloodVitals wearable the flu (influenza). Sickle cell anemia tends to stabilize without particular treatments. The degree of anemia is outlined by the measurement of the blood hemoglobin degree. Hemoglobin is the protein molecule in purple blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the physique's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.