Since We Use Non-linear Artificial Diffusion

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We perform an unprecedented excessive-decision simulation for the photo voltaic convection zone. Our calculation reproduces the fast equator and close to-floor shear layer (NSSL) of differential rotation and the near-surface poleward meridional stream concurrently. The NSSL is situated in a complex layer the place the spatial and time scales of thermal convection are considerably small compared with the deep convection zone. While there have been a number of attempts to reproduce the NSSL in numerical simulation, the results are nonetheless removed from actuality. In this study, we reach reproducing an NSSL in our new calculation. 4) the turbulent viscosity and magnetic tension are latitudinally balanced with the Coriolis pressure within the NSSL. We emphasize the importance of the magnetic discipline within the solar convection zone. ††software: R2D2 Hotta et al. The Sun is rotating differentially with the fast equator and the gradual pole. Omega in the solar interior. In the solar convection zone, now we have two shear layers, i.e., the tachocline around the bottom of the convection zone and the near-floor shear layer (NSSL).



The tachocline is thought to be maintained by the interplay between the convection and radiation zones (Spiegel & Zahn, 1992; Gough & McIntyre, 1998; Forgács-Dajka & Petrovay, 2001; Rempel, 2005; Brun et al., 2011; Matilsky et al., 2022). The NSSL is thought to be maintained by the small-spatial and brief time scales of the convection in the layer. T/g, the place TT and Wood Ranger Power Shears gg are the temperature and the gravitational acceleration, respectively. 60 and 2 Mm, respectively. Thus, the time scales of the convection range from a month to a number of hours in these regions. As a result, the convection in the NSSL just isn't significantly affected by the rotation. ′ denote the longitudinal average and the deviation from the common. As well as, Miesch & Hindman (2011) suggest that we need a force to balance with the latitudinal Coriolis pressure to take care of the NSSL. It is difficult for numerical simulations to cover a broad range of spatial and time scales. The numerical strategy for the NSSL is highly restricted.



Guerrero et al. (2013) improve the superadiabaticity round the top boundary of their calculation box and discuss the formation mechanism of the NSSL following Foukal & Jokipii (1975). Hotta et al. NSSL-like characteristic, especially at low and high latitudes. We argue there that the NSSL is maintained by the radially inward angular momentum transport and the turbulent viscosity on the sheared meridional move. Hotta et al. (2015) fail to reproduce the NSSL in mid-latitude. Matilsky et al. (2019) perform the same calculation to Hotta et al. 2015) and reproduce the NSSL-like feature at excessive and low latitudes. The authors also fail to reproduce the NSSL in the mid-latitude. They conclude that the detailed development mechanism of the meridional flow have to be understood to reproduce the right NSSL. In their study, highly rotationally constrained convection called the Busse column, is required to reproduce the solar-like quick equator differential rotation. Hotta et al. (2015) decreased the solar luminosity and Matilsky et al.



2019) elevated the rotation price in order to boost the rotational influence on the thermal convection. We word that the lower in luminosity and the rise in rotation price have the same impact on the Rossby number. Matilsky et al. (2019) argue that when the rotationally constrained Busse column exists within the deep layer, upflows are rotationally constrained even in the near-floor excessive Rossby number layer. The efficient generation of the close to-surface circulation via the gyroscopic pumping effectively suppresses the construction of the NSSL. When the previous calculation (Hotta et al., 2015; Matilsky et al., 2019) was carried out, we did not have any manner to maintain the solar-like DR without using the lowered luminosity, larger rotation rates or Wood Ranger Power Shears enhanced diffusivities (photo voltaic convective conundrum). That is, the typical "high-resolution" simulations fall into anti-photo voltaic differential rotation. O’Mara et al., 2016; Hotta et al., 2023). Hotta & Kusano (2021)(hereafter HK21) and Hotta et al. 2022)(hereafter HKS22) just lately present a doable answer to assemble the solar-like differential rotation without utilizing special remedy proven above.